What are the sinuses?
The sinuses are empty spaces in the skull around the eyes and nose. Their purpose has been a topic of debate among scientists for centuries, but they do offer some obvious benefits. For example, without this empty space, the skull would likely be too heavy for the neck to support. The sinuses also create resonance for the voice, making it loud enough for others to hear and letting the speaker hear it clearer when they talk.
What causes a sinus infection?
Although the sinuses do offer some practical benefit, the design can be problematic for most patients. The cavities and passages leading to them are lined with mucous membranes that often swell, closing the opening to the sinus. When this happens, bacteria can grow inside that empty space, causing pressure and pain. Common causes the inflammation and blockage include:
- Nasal polyps
- Deviated nasal septum
- Underlying medical condition such as HIV
- Respiratory tract infections
- Allergies
There are also risk factors for sinus infections such as asthma and frequent exposure to pollution.
What are the symptoms of a sinus infection?
There are four primary symptoms. These include:
- Thick discharge from the noise
- Nasal congestion
- Pain and tenderness around the eyes, cheeks or forehead
- Reduced sense of smell and taste
Along with these key symptoms, patients might experience:
- Ear pain
- A sore throat
- Bad breath
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Patients may or may not develop a fever, as well.
When should you call Dr. Stahl?
Sinus problems can come on after having a cold or during allergy season, and they often resolve themselves. Patients should make an appointment, though, if they have repeated episodes or if they have had the same problem for over a week, especially if they get no relief from over the counter or home treatments.
What is the treatment for a sinus infection?
Not all sinus problems are due to infection, so the first step is to get a proper diagnosis. Dr. Stahl may suggest saline irrigation, as well, using a nasal spray. Chronic problems often respond well to nasal corticosteroids to reduce the inflammation and allow the sinuses to drain. If Dr. Stahl does suspect a bacterial infection, she may prescribe antibiotics to resolve it.
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